LESSON 3: CONDITIONALS - CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN - EXERCISES

Exercises I :

1    What do you say in these situations:

       1. Of course you don't expect to win the lottery, which do you say (a) or (b):

           a. If I win the lottery, I will buy a big house. (Nếu tôi trúng số, tôi sẽ mua một căn nhà lớn)

           b. If I won the lottery, I'd buy a big house. (Giả dụ tôi mà trúng số, tôi sẽ mua một căn nhà lớn)

           (translate to Vietnamese: dĩ nhiên, bạn không mong mình trúng số, vậy bạn sẽ dùng câu nào trong tiếng anh , a hay b)

       2. You're not going to sell your car because it's old and not worth much.Which do you say, (a) or (b)

        a. If I sell my car, I won't get much money for it. (Nếu tôi bán chiếc xe hơi của tôi, tôi sẽ chẳng nhận được bao nhiêu tiền cả)

       b. If I sold my car, I wouldn't get much money for it.  (Nếu tôi bán chiếc xe hơi của tôi, tôi sẽ chẳng nhận được bao nhiêu tiền cả)

         (translate to Vietnamese: Bạn không có dự định bán chiếc ô tô của mình đi vì nó quá cũ và không còn đáng giá, bạn sẽ nói câu nào trong 2 câu a, b)

     3. You often see Sarah, A friend of your want to contact her, which do you say:

        a. If I see Sarah, I'll tell her to call you. (Nếu nhìn thấy Sarah, tôi sẽ nói cô ấy gọi cho bạn)

        b. If I saw Sarah, I'd tell her to call you. (Nếu nhìn thấy Sarah, tôi sẽ nói cô ấy gọi cho bạn)

          (translate to Vietnamese: Bạn hay nhìn thấy Sarah lắm, Một người bạn của bạn muốn liên hệ với cô ấy, bạn sẽ nói thế nào?)

    4. You don't expect that there will be a fire in the building. Which do you say?

       a. What will you do if there is a fire in the building? (Bạn sẽ làm gì khi tòa cao ốc bị hỏa hoạn?)

      b. What would you do if there was a fire in the building? (Giả sử, tòa cao ốc bị hỏa hoạn, bạn sẽ làm gì?)

          (translate to Vietnamese: Bạn không mong có hỏa hoạn trong tòa cao ốc, đây chỉ là câu hỏi giả dụ)

    5. You've never lost your passport. You can only image.

       a. I don't know what I'll do if I lose my passport. (Tôi không biết tôi sẽ làm gì nếu tôi mất hộ chiếu)

       b. I don't know what I'd do if I lost my passport. (Tôi không biết tôi sẽ làm gì nếu tôi mất hộ chiếu)

          (translate to Vietnamese: Bạn chưa bao giờ đế mất hộ chiếu, bạn chỉ nói tưởng tượng mà thôi) 

    6. Somebody stops you and asks you about the way to a bank. Which do you say?

       a. If you go right at the end of this street, you will see a bank on your left.

       b. If you went right at the end of this street, you would see a bank on your left.

          (translate to Vietnamese: Có ai đó làm bạn dừng lại và hỏi đường đến một ngân hàng nào đó, bạn sẽ nói sao để chỉ đường.)

    7. You're in a lift. There is an emergency button. Nobody is going to press it. Which do you say?

      a. What will happen if somebody presses that button. (Điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu ai đó bấm cái nút kia?)

       b. What would happen if somebody pressed that button. (Tưởng tượng nếu ai đó bấm cái nút kia thì chuyện gì sẽ xảy ra nhỉ? >.< . hỏi lầy)

          (translate to Vietnamese: bạn đang ở trong thang máy. Có một cái nút thông báo trường hợp khẩn cấp. Không ai có ý định bấm nút cả. Bạn chỉ hỏi câu hỏi giả dụ. tưởng tượng rất mắc cười)

  2. Put the verbs into correct form.

     1. I'd be very scared if somebody pointed a gun at me. 

         (tôi sẽ rất sợ hãi nếu có ai đó chỉa súng vào tôi)

     2. I can't afford to buy a car. If I bought a car, I'd have to borrow money. 

          (Tôi không đủ khả năng mua một chiếc ô tô. Nếu tôi mua ô tô, tôi phải mượn tiền.)

     3. Don't lend Amy your car. If she asked me, I wouldn't lend her mine.

         Đừng cho Amy mượn xe nhé. Nếu cô ấy có hỏi mượn xe tôi, tôi cũng sẽ không cho cô ấy mượn xe của tôi đâu.

     4. If the computer factory closed down, many people would lose (lose) their jobs
         Giả dụ mà nhà máy sản xuất máy tính phá sản, rất nhiều người sẽ mất việc
     5. I don't think Gary and Emma will get married. I would be (be) amazed if they did.
         Tôi không nghĩ là Gary và Emma sẽ cưới nhau. Nếu họ cưới nhau, tôi sẽ ngạc nhiên lắm đấy.
     6. What would you do if you were (be) in a lift and it stopped (stop) between floors?
         Bạn sẽ làm gì nếu bạn đang ở trong thang máy mà thang máy bất chợt dừng lại giữa các tầng?
     7. If somebody gave (give) me $10000, I would have (have) a long holiday.
         Nếu ai đó cho tôi $10,000, tôi sẽ có 1 kỳ nghỉ dài.
  3. Write sentences begining if ... (Viết câu bắt đầu với từ 'if')
     1. We've decided not to catch the 10.30 train, (arrive too early).
         chúng ta đã quyết định đón chuyến tàu lúc 10h30, lí do: đến quá sớm.
         If we caught the 10.30 train, we'd arrive too early. 
         nếu chúng ta định bắt chuyến tàu lúc 10h30, chúng ta sẽ phải đến quá sớm
     2. Kevin is not going to do his driving test now. (fail)
         Kevin không dự định làm bài kiểm tra lái xe. (rớt)
         If Kevin did his driving test now, he would fail.
         Nếu Kevin làm bài kiểm tra lái xe bây giờ, anh ấy có thể rớt đấy..
     3. We've decided not to stay at a hotel. (cost too much)
         Chúng tôi quyết định không ở khách sạn. (trả quá nhiều)
         If we stayed at a hotel, we would cost too much.
         Nếu chúng tôi ở khách sạn, chúng tôi sẽ tốn rất nhiều tiền.
     4. Sally isn't going to leave her job. (not / get another one)
         Sally không có ý định nghỉ việc. (không làm công việc khác)
         If Sally left her job, she wouldn't get another one.
         Nếu Sally nghỉ việc, cô ấy sẽ không làm một công việc khác.
     5. We've decided not to invite Ben to the party. (have to invite his friends too)
         Chúng mình đã quyết định không mời Ben đến buổi tiệc. (phải mời cà bạn của câu ấy nữa)
         If we invited Ben to the party, we'd have to invite his friends too.
         Nếu chúng mình mời Ben đến buổi tiệc thì chúng mình cũng sẽ phải mời bạn của cậu ấy nữa.
     6. I'm not going to tell him what happened. (not / believe me)
         Mình không định nói với cậu ấy chuyện gì đã xảy ra. (không tin mình)
         If I told him what happened, he wouldn't beleive me.
         Nếu mình nói với cậu ấy chuyện gì đã xảy ra, cậu ấy sẽ không tin mình.
  4. Use your ideas to complete these sentences:
     1. If I won a lot of money, I'd buy a house.
     2. I'd be very if ______________________.
     3. If you bought a car, ________________.
     4. I'd be surprised if _________________.
     5. Would you mind if________________.

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LESSON 3: CONDITIONALS - CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

                                              A. GRAMMAR                                                    

If I do ... and If I did ...                                                                                                                      

A     Compare these examples: (so sánh các ví dụ này):
     (1) LISA: Shall we go by bus or by train? (Chúng ta sẽ đi bằng xe buýt hay tàu hỏa?)
           JESS: If we go by bus, it will be cheaper. (Nếu chúng ta đi bằng xe buýt sẽ rẻ hơn)
       For Jess, it is possible that they will go by bus, so she says:
           If we go by bus, it will be ...
       (Theo Jess, có thể là các bạn sẽ đi bằng xe buýt, vì thể cô ấy nói:
           if we go by bus, it will be + adj. )
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    (2) Lisa and Jess decide to go by train. Later, Jess talks to Joe:
          JOE: How are you going to travel? (Các cậu dự định đi du lịch bằng gì?)
          JESS: We're going by train. If we went by bus, it would be cheaper, but the train is quicker. 
                     (Chúng ta sẽ đi bằng tàu hỏa, Nếu đi bằng xe buýt, sẽ rẻ hơn, nhưng tàu hỏa thì nhanh hơn.)
    Now, Jess knows they are not going to travel by bus, so she says
         if we went by bus, it would be + adj    (not 'if we go...')
    (Hiện tại, Jess biết các bạn sẽ không đi du lịch bằng xe buýt, nên cô ấy nói:
         if we went by bus, it would be + tính từ (không phải là 'if we go ...')
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     When we imagine something that will not happen, or we don't expect that it will happen, we use 'if + past'
     (if we went / if there was / if you found etc.)
    (Khi chúng ta tưởng tượng điều gì đó không xảy ra, hay chúng ta không mong đợi điều đó xảy ra, ta dùng 'if + động từ quá khú: 'if we went / if there was / if you found, vân vân...)
    But the meaning is not past : (nhưng nội dung thì không phải là quá khứ)
       - What would you do if you won a lot of money? (we don't really expect this to happen)
          (Bạn sẽ làm gì nếu bạn thắng thật nhiều tiền? (chúng ta chỉ tưởng tượng, chúng ta không thực sự mong điều đó xảy ra)
       - If there was an election tomorrow, who would you vote for?
         (Nếu có một cuộc bầu cử vào ngày mai, cậu sẽ bầu cho ai?
    Compare if I find and if I found.
       - I think I left my watch at your house, if you find it, can you call me? (Mình nghĩ là mình đã để chiếc đồng hồ đeo tay ở nhà cậu rồi, nếu tìm thấy nó, cậu gọi mình nhé?)
    but  If you found a wallet in the street, what would you do with it? (tưởng tượng việc nhìn thấy một chiếc ví trên đường, bạn sẽ làm gì với nó?)
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B   We don't normally use 'would' in the 'if' part of the sentence: (chúng ta thường không dùng 'would' trong mệnh đề 'if' của câu.)
          - I'd be very scared if somebody pointed a gun at me. (not 'if somebody would point')
             (Tôi sẽ rất sợ nếu ai đó chỉa súng vào tôi.)
          - If we went by bus, it would be cheaper. (not 'if we would go') 
             (Nếu chúng ta đi bằng xe buýt sẽ rẻ hơn.)
      But you can use 'if ... would' when you ask somebody to do something. (nhưng ta có thể sử dùng 'if ... would' khi ta yêu cầu một ai đó làm điều gì.)
          - (from a formal letter) I would be grateful if you would let me know your decision as soon as possible.
            ((Ví dụ từ một lá thư trang trọng) Tôi sẽ cảm kích nếu bạn cho tôi biết quyết định của bạn càng sớm càng tốt)
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C   In the other part of sentence (not the if-part), we use would ('d) / wouldn't.. 
      (trong câu, nếu mệnh đề không phải là mệnh đề if, tức là mệnh đề không chứa if, ta dừng 'would' viết tắt là ('d) và wouldn't)
         - What would you do if you were bitten by a snake?
         - I'm not going to bed yet. I'm not tired. If I went to bed now, I wouldn't sleep.
         - Would you mind if I used your phone?
    'Could' and 'might' are also possible:
         - If I won a lot of money, I might buy a house. (= it is possible that I would buy a house)
            (Nếu tôi thắng được nhiều tiền, tôi có thể mua một căn nhà)
         - If it stopped raining, we could go out. (= we would be able to go out)
            (Nếu trời ngừng mưa, chúng ta có thể ra ngoài)

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LESSON 2: PASSIVE VOICE

                                                                 A. GRAMMAR                                                            

Passive 3                                                                                                         

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A.      I was offered.. / we were given... etc

Some verbs can have two objects. For example: give.
   - Somebody gave the police the information. (= somebody gave the information to the police.)
                                 object 1        object 2
So it is possible to make two passive sentences:
   - The police were given the information.     or
   - The information was given to the police.

Others verbs which can have two objects are:
                   ask   offer   pay   show   teach   tell

When we use these verbs in the passive, most often we begin with the person:
   - I've been offered the job, but I don't think I'll accept it. (=they have offered me thẹ job)
   - You will be given plenty of time to decide. (= we will give you plenty of time)
   - I didn't see the original document but I was shown a copy. (= somebody showed me)
   - Tim has an easy jobs - he's paid a lot of money to do very little. ( = they paid him a lot)
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B     . I don't like being ...

The passive of doing/seeing etc, is being done / being seen etc. Compare:
   active:   I don;t like people telling me what to do.
   passive: I don't like being told what to do.
   - I remember being taken to the zoo when I was a child. (= I remember somebody taking me to the zoo)
   - Steve hates being kept waiting. (= Steve hates people keeping him waiting)
   - We managed to climb over the wall without being seen. (= without anybody seeing us)
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C    . I was born ...
We say 'I was born...' (not 'I am born'):
   - I was born in Chicago.                                                      (past)
   - Where were you born? (not Where are you born)            (past)
but
   - How many babies are born every day?                            (present)
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D      .  Get

You can use get instead of be in the passive:
   - There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt. (= nobody was hurt)
   - I don't get invited to many parties. (= I'm not invited)
   - I'm surprised Liz didn't get offered the job. (= Liz wasn't offered the job)

We use get only when things happen. For example, you cannot use get in these sentences:
   - Jessica is liked by everybody. (not get liked, this is not a 'happening')
   - Peter was a mystery man. Very little was known about him. (not got known)

We use get in informal spoken English, You can use be in all situations.

We also use get in the following expressions (which are not passive in meaning)
   get married, get divorced
   get lost (= not know where you are)
   get dressed (= put on your clothes)
   get changed (= change your clothes)

Exercises:
  1. Write these sentences in another way, beginning in the way shown.
     1. They didn't give me the information I need.
         I wasn't given the information I need.
     2. They asked me some difficult questions at the interview.
         I was asked some difficult questions at the interview.
     3. Amy's colleagues gave her a present when she retired.
         Amy was given a present by her colleagues when she retired.
     4. Nobody told me about the meeting.
         I wasn't told about the meeting.
     5. How much will they pay you for your work?
         How much will you be paid for your work?
     6. I think they should have offered Tom the job.
         I think Tom should have been offered the job.
     7. Has anybody shown you what to do?
         Have you been shown what to do?

  2. Complete the sentences using being + the following verbs (in the correct form)
            give       invite       keep       knock down       stick       treat
     1. Steve hates being kept waiting.
     2. We went to the party without being invited.
     3. I like giving presents and I also like being given them.
     4. It's a busy road and I don't like crossing it. I'm afraid of being knocked down.
     5. I'm an adult. I don't like being treated like a child.
     6. You can't do anything about being sticked in a traffic jam. - Bạn không thể làm bất cứ điều gì về việc bị mắc kẹt trong ách tắc giao thông.

  3. When were they born? Choose five of these people and write a sentence for each. (Two of them were born in the same year)

Ludwig van Beethoven	Mahatma Gandhi	Elvis Presley	1452	1869	1935
Walt Disney	Michael Jackson	William Shakepeare	1564	1901	1958
Galileo	Martin Luther King	Leonardo da Vinci	1770	1929

     1. Walt Disney was born in 1901.
     2. Ludwig van Beethoven was born in 1770.
     3. Galileo was born in 1564.
     4. Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869.
     5. Micheal Jackson was born in 1958.
     6. Martin Luther King was born in 1929.
     7. Elvis Presley was born in 1935.
     8. William Shakepeare was born in 1564.

     9. Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452.
     10. And you? I was born in 1994.
  4. Complete the sentences using get/got + the following verbs (in the correct form).
     New words:
       - tennis court: sân quần vợt

       - sting - stung - stung: chích/đốt - V2 - V3

        __________________________________________________

         ask     damage     hurt     pay     steal     sting     stop     use
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     1. There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt.
     2. Alex got stung by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
     3. These tennis courts don't get used very often. Not many people want to play. 
     4. I used to have a bicycle, but it got stolen a few months ago.
     5. Rachel works hard but doesn't get paid very much.
     6. Last night I got stopped by the police as I was driving home. One of the lights on my car wasn't working.
     7. Please pack these things very carefully. I don't want them to get damaged.
     8. People often want to know what my job is. I get asked that question a lot.

It is said that ...     He is said to ...    He is supposed to ...                          

A. Study this example situation.

      George is very old. Nobody knows exactly how old he is. but:

        It is said that he is 108 years old.

       or He is said to be 108 years old.

     Both those sentences mean: 'People say that he is 108 years old.'

We can use these structure with a number of other verbs especially:

          alleged     believed     considered     expected     known     reported     thought     understood

Compare two structures:

       - Cathy loves running. It is said that she runs ten miles a day. 

     or Cathy loves running. She is said to run ten miles a day.

       - The police is looking for a missing boy. It is belived that the boy is wearing a white sweater and blue jeans.

     or The police is looking for a missing boy. The boy is believed to be wearing a white sweater and blue jeans.

     - The strike started three week ago. It is expected that the strike will end soon.

   or The strike started three week ago.  The strike is expected to end soon.     

     - A friend of mine has been arrested. It is alleged that he hit the policeman.

   or A friend of mine has been arrested. He is alleged to have hit a policeman.

     - The two houses belong two the same family. It is said that there is a secret tunnel betwwen them.

   or The two houses belong two the same family. There is said to be a secret tunnel between them.

These structures are often used in news reports. For example, in a report about an accident.

     - It is reported that two people were injured in the explosion. ;

   or Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.

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B.     (Be) supposed to...

Sometimes, (it is) supposed to... = (it is) said to ...

     - I want to see that film. It's supposed to be good. (= it is said to be good)

     - Fireworks are supposed to have been invented in China, it is true?

But sometimes supposed to has a different meaning. We use supposed to to say what is intended, managed, or expected. Often this is different from the real situation.

     - The plan is supposed to be a secret, but everybody seems to know about it. (= the plan is intended to be a secret)

     - What are you doing at work? You're supposed to be on holiday.

        (= you arranged to be on holiday.

     - Our guests were supposed to come at 7.30, but they were late.

     - Jane was supposed to phone me last night, but she didn't.

     - I'd better hurry. I'm supposed to be meeting Chris in ten minutes.

You're not supposed to do something = it is not allowed or advisable.

     - You're not supposed to park your car here, It's private parking only.

     - Jeff is much better after his illness, but he's not supposed to do any heavy work.

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Exercises:

  1. Write these sentences in another way, beginning as shown. Use the underlined word each time.

       1. It is expected that the strike will end soon. => The strike is expected to end soon.

       2. It is expected that the weather will be good tomorrow.

          The weather is expected to be good tomorrow.

       3. It's believed that the thieves got in through a window in the roof.

          The thieves are believed to get in through a window in the roof.

       4. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods.

          Many people are reported to be homeless after the floods.

       5. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.

          The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.

       6. It is alleged that the man was driving at 110 miles an hour.

          The man is alleged to be driving at 110 miles an hour.

       7. It is reported that the building has been badly damaged by the fire.

          The building is reported to have been badly damaged by the fire.

       8. a. It is said that the company is losing a lot of money.

              The company is said to be losing a lot of money.

           b. It is believed that the company lost a lot of money last year.

              The company is believed to lose a lot of money last year.

           c. It is expected that the company will make a lots this year.

              The company is expected to make a lots this year.

  2. There are a lot of rumours about Alan. Here are some of the things people say about him.

     1. Alan speaks ten languages.                    2. He knows a lot of famous people.

     3. He is very rich.                                       4. He has twelve children.

                                                 5. He was an actor when he was younger.

     Nobody is sure whether these things are true. Write sentences about Alan using 'supposed to...'

       1. Alan is supposed to speak ten languages.

       2. He is supposed to know a lot of famous people.

       3. He is supposed to be very rich.

       4. He is supposed to have twelve children.

       5. He is supposed to be an actor when he was younger.

  3. Complete the sentences using 'supposed to be' + the following.

       on a diet     a flower     my friend     a joke     a secret     working

       1. How is it that everybody seems to know about the plan? It is supposed to be a secret.

       2. You shouldn't criticise me all the time.  You're supposed to be my friend.

       3. I shouldn't be eating this cake really. I'm supposed to be on a diet.

       4. I'm sorry for what I said. I was trying to be funny. It's supposed to be a joke.

       5. What's this drawing? Is it a tree? Or maybe it's supposed to be a flower?

       6. You shouldn't reading the paper now. You are supposed to be working.

  4. Write sentences with 'supposed to' + the following verbs

      block       depart       park       phone        start

     Use the negative (not supposed to) where necessary.

       1. You're not supposed to park here. It's private parking only.

       2. We're supposed to start work at 8.15, but we rarely do anything before 8.30.

       3. Oh, I was supposed to phone Helen last night, but I completely forgot.

       4. This door is a fire exit. You're not supposed to block it.

       5. My flight was supposed to depart at 11.30, but it was an hour late.

Have something done.......................................................................................

A     Study this example situation.

        The roof of Lisa's house was damaged in a storm. So she called a builder, and yesterday a man came and repaired it.

         Lisa had the roof repaired yesterday.

         This mean Lisa arranged for somebody else to repair the roof. She didn't repair it herself.

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We use 'have something done' to say that we arranged for somebody else to do something for us.

Compare:

       - Lisa repaired the roof. (= she repaired it herself)

       - Lisa had a roof repaired. (= she arranged for somebody else to repaired it.)

       - Did you make those curtains yourself? Yes, I enjoy making things.

       - Did you have those curtains made? No, I made them myself.

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B     Be careful with word order. The past participle (repaired, cut, etc.) is after the object.

have	object	past participle
Lisa had Where did you have Your hair looks nice. Have you had Our neighbor has just had We are having How often do you have I think you should have I don't like having	the roof your hair it a garage the house your car that coat my picture	repaired yesterday cut? cut? built. painted this week. serviced? cleaned. taken.

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C     Get something done

You can also say 'get something done' instead of 'have something done':

       - When are you going to get the roof repaired? (= have the roof repaired)

       - I think you should get your hair cut really short.

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D   Sometimes 'have something done' has different meaning. For example:

       - Paul and Karen had their bags stolen while they were travelling.

This doesn't mean that they arranged for somebody to steal their bags. 'They had their bags stolen.' means only 'Their bags were stolen'

With this meaning, we can use 'have something done' to say that something happens to somebody or their belongings. Often what happens is not nice.

       - Gary had his nose broken in a fight. =(his nose was broken)

       - Have you ever had your bike stolen?

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Exercises:

  1. Tick (✅) the correct sentence, (a) or (b) for each picture.

       1. (a) Sarah is cutting her hair.

           (b) Sarah is having her hair cut. ✅

       2. (a) Bill is cutting his hair.  ✅

           (b) Bill is having his hair cut.

       3. (a) John is cleaning his shoes.  ✅

           (b) John is having his shoes cleaned.

       4. (a) Sue is taking a picture.

           (b) Sue is having her picture taken. ✅

  2. Put the verbs in the correct order.

       1. had / a few weeks ago / the house / we / painted

              => We had the house painted a few weeks ago.

       2. serviced / her car / Sarah / once a year / has

              => Sarah has her car serviced once a year.

       3. twelve pounds / have / cleaned / it / my suit / cost / to

              => My suit cost twelve pounds to have it cleaned.

       4. my eyes / I / two years ago / had / tested / the last time / was

              => The last time I had my eyes tested was two years ago.

       5. had / in the kitchen / fitted / some new cupboards / we've

              => We've had some new cupboard fitted in the kitchen.

       6. as soon as possible / need / translated / we / to get / this document

              => We need to get translated this document as soon as possible.

  3. Write sentences in the way shown.

       1. Lisa didn't repair the roof herself. She had it repaired.

       2. I didn't cut my hair myself. I had it cut.

       3. We didn't clean the carpets ourselves. We had them cleaned.

       4. John didn't build that wall himself. He had it built.

       5. I didn't deliver the flowers myself. I had them delivered.

  4. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentences. Use the structure 'have something done'

       1. We have the house painted (we / the house / paint) this week.

       2. I lost my key. I'll have to have another key made. (another key / make)

       3. When was the last time you have your hair cut? (you / your hair / cut)

       4. Do you have a newspaper delivered (you / a newspaper / deliver) to your house every day, or do you go out and buy one?

       5. A: What's happening in your garden?
           B: Oh, we're having a garage built. (we / a garage / build).
       6. A: Have you had the washing machine fixed? (you / the washing machine / fix)
           B: Not yet. There's someone coming to look at it next week.
       7. If you want to wear earring, why don't you have your ears pierced? (you / your ears / pierce)
     Now use 'have something done' with it's second meaning (see section D)
       8. Gary was in a fight last night. He had his nose broken. (he / his nose / break)
       9. Did I tell you about Jane? She had her credit cards stolen. (she / her credit cards / steal)
      10. Security was very strict at the airport. We all had our bags searched. (we all / our bags / search)

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LESSON 1: MY HOME

Giáo trình ôn ngữ pháp trước khi luyện IELTS

A. VOCABULARY - TỪ VỰNG

I. Household appliances - Thiết bị gia dụng/Thiết bị gia đình

LOOK AT THE WORDS IN THE LIST BELOW AND WRITE THEM UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURES

(Nhìn vào danh sách các từ vựng phía dưới và điền đúng vào các bức tranh)

television	coffee table	bedside table	bookcase	fridge
lamp	cushion	clock	rug	dishwasher
telephone	curtain	bed	cooker	washing machine
picture	sofa	desk	microwave	toilet
armchair	fireplace	wardrobe	chair	shower

Click vào đây để làm bài nhé!

II. Preposition of place: Match the prepositions with the pictures 
- Giới từ chỉ vị trí: Nối các giới từ với các bức tranh cho đúng.

in – on – behind – in front of – between – next to - under

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III. Write a sentence to describe each picture in II.

 - Viết 1 câu cho mỗi bức tranh ở bài II.
Example: A. The dog is on the chair.
                B. ___________________
                C. ___________________
                D. ___________________
                E. ___________________

                F. ___________________

                G. ___________________

                B. ___________________

Click vào đây để làm bài nhé!

IV. Look at the picture and write true (T) or false (F) for each sentence.Correct the false ones- Nhìn vào bức tranh và điền Đúng (T) hoặc Sai (F) cho mỗi câu dưới dây.Sửa lại các câu sai cho đúng.

    1. The dog is behind the bed. ___________

    2. The school bag is under the table. ___________

    3. The picture is between the clocks. ___________

    4. The dog is in front of the computer. ___________

    5. The cap is under the pillow. ___________

    6. The pictures are on the wall. ___________

Click vào đây để làm bài nhé!

V. Look at the picture again. Answer the questions  - Xem lại bức tranh bên trên và trả lời các câu hỏi.

    1. Where are the books? ___________

    2. Where are the clothes?. ___________

    3. Is the pillow on the bed?. ___________

    4. Are the notebooks under the bed? ___________

    5. Where is the mouse? ___________

    6. Is the chair next to the bed? ___________

Click vào đây để làm bài nhé!

B. SPEAKING - LUYỆN NÓI

 I. Mi tells Nick about her grandparents' country house. Look at the pictures of her grandparents' house and complete the sentence. - Mi kể cho Nick nghe về ngôi nhà của ông bà ở quê hương. Nhìn vào các bức tranh của nhà ông bà ngoại của Mi và hoàn thành các câu sau.

television

coffee table

bedside table

bookcase

fridge

lamp

cushion

clock

rug

dishwasher

telephone

curtain

bed

cooker

washing machine

picture

sofa

desk

microwave

toilet

armchair

fireplace

wardrobe    

chair

shower

in – on – behind – in front of – between – next to - under

    1. My grandparents live in a _____ house in Nam Định.

    2. There _______ four rooms in the house and a big garden.

    3. I like the living room. There ________ a big window in this room.

    4. There __________ four chairs and a table in the middle of  the room.

    5. There are two family photos _______ the wall.

    6. There is a small fridge ______ the cupboard.

    7. A television is _________ the cupboard.

    8. There ______ also a celling fan.

Click vào đây để làm bài nhé!

II. Student A looks at the pictures of Nick's house. Student B looks at the picture of Mi's house. Find the differences between the two house.- Học sinh A nhìn vào bức tranh ngôi nhà của Nick. Học sinh B nhìn vào bức tranh ngôi nhà của Mi. Tìm các điểm khác nhau giữa hai ngôi nhà.

Example: A: Nick lives in a country house. Where does Mi live?

                     → Nick sống trong một ngôi nhà ở nông thôn. Còn Mi sống ở đâu?

                 B: Mi lives in a town house. → Mi sống trong một ngôi nhà ở thị trấn.

Nick's house - nhà của Nick

Mi's house - Nhà của Mi

III. There are some strange houses from around the world. 

→ Có một vài ngôi nhà kì lạ trên thế giới.

Click vào đây để làm bài nhé!

C. PRONUNCIATION: - PHÁT ÂM.

How many letters and sounds? Spelling and pronunciation. 

=> Có bao nhiêu chữ cái và bao nhiêu âm trong tiếng Anh? Cùng đánh vần và phát âm nhé!

1. How many letters, how many sounds? 

     Spelling and pronunciation

      A  

       A2a. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. => Có 26 chữ cái trong bảng chữ cái tiếng Anh.

                        A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

       A2b. There are five vowel: A E I O U => Có 5 nguyên âm: A E I O U.

       A2c. And there are 21 consonant letters: B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z

                     => và có 21 phụ âm, là B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z

       A2d. But there are more than 40 vowel and consonant sounds in English. => Nhưng lại có hơn 40 âm trong tiếng Anh.

      In some words, the number of letters is the same as the number of sounds =>Trong một số từ vựng thì số chữ cái bằng với số âm.

           best                  4 letters, 4 sounds (4 chữ cái, 4 âm)           /b e s t/

                                                                                                         1 2 3 4

           dentist              7 letters, 7 sounds (7 chữ cái, 7 âm)          / d  e  n  t  i   s  t /

                                                                                                         1  2  3  4 5  6  7

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